Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

DHCP (Dynamic Configuration Protocol) is a service that automatically assigns IP numbers to computers that request it. The computer that gives the IP number is referred to as a DHCP server, while the computer that requested the IP number is referred to as a DHCP Client. Thus, administrators no longer need to provide the IP numbers manually at the configuration of TCP / IP, but simply pass a reference to the DHCP Server. At both the DHCP client is enabled, then the computer do the request to the DHCP-Server to get the IP number. DHCP answer by giving the IP number in the DHCP database. DHCP Server after giving the IP number, then the server lend (lease) the number of existing IP to DHCP-Client and cross out the IP number from the pool list. IP numbers are given along with the subnet mask and default gateway. If nothing else the IP number can be given, then the client can not initialize TCP / IP, by itself can not connect to the network. After a certain period of time, then use the DHCP Client is declared selesaidan client does not renew the request again, then the IP number is returned to the DHCP Server, and the server can provide a number IP to the client in need. This long period can be determined within minutes, hours, months or forever. Period called the leased period. DHCP How it Works: DHCP uses 4 stages of the process to provide configuration of the IP numbers. (If Clietn have more than one NIC card and need no more than 1 IP the DHCP process is run for each adapter individually):  
1. Least IP Request Client requests to the server IP number (Broadcast find DHCP server).  
2. IP Least Offer DHCP server (can be one or more servers if there are 2 or more DHCP servers) that have no IP offering to the client.  
3. IP Lease Selection Client chose DHCP Server yng first bid received and re-do a broadcast with a message approved the loan to the DHCP Server  
4. Acknowledge IP Lease DHCP Server provides the answers to win a confirmation message is the IP number and other information to the client with an acknowledgment. Then the client initializes the binding (binding) the IP number and the client can work on that network. Meanwhile, another DHCP Server pull back its offer.